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In Belgium, while indefinite employment contracts don't require written form by law, it's considered best practice to have a written contract outlining basic employment terms, including:
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The standard working week in Belgium is 38 hours, after which overtime pay applies (except for senior executives or managers). Employers can implement flexible schedules surpassing 38 hours weekly, given that the quarterly or yearly average remains at 38 hours. Some sectors might have lower weekly limits per collective agreements.
Overtime work is compensated either through time off or through pay (50% salary for weekdays and Saturdays and 100% for Sundays and public holidays).
Belgium has what is called a GMMMI (a guaranteed average minimum monthly income). GMMMI figures for 18-years-old and over are 1,954.99 EUR a month.
Depending on the Joint Labour Committee, a 13th salary might be applicable. Employers usually disburse this bonus at the year's end, and some may include half of a 14th-month pay. In the initial and final year of employment, the 13th-month bonus is prorated if the employee doesn't complete a full calendar year.
Individual income tax is calculated using progressive rates ranging from 25% to 50%.
There are mandatory pension contributions through social security, which is paid by both employer and employee. Legal retirement ages is 65 years until January 2025, 66 years until January 2030 and 67 years from February 2030.
Employers can end an employment agreement by giving legal notice or paying compensation instead. If employees find the dismissal unjust, they can appeal to court, potentially receiving extra compensation if the dismissal is deemed unfair. Employment in Belgium may be terminated due to one of the following reasons:
When ending indefinite employment, both employees and employers must provide advance notice. The duration of this notice period hinges on the employee's tenure:
Severance pay only applies in cases where the employer terminates the employee without notice.
Belgium observes 12 public holidays. If any of these holidays occur on a weekend, the day becomes a floating holiday that employees can utilise as a regular vacation day.