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Employee taxes are deducted each month from an employee’s gross salary—based on the amount paid to the employee so far that year. Due to progressive income tax rates, this means that as the total amount paid over the course of the year increases, an employee’s taxation rate increases simultaneously, and therefore, their net salary reduces each month as the tax year progresses. A common practice to keep the net salary consistent each month is for the employer to increase the monthly gross salary over the year to keep the net salary consistent.
In addition to vacation days, employees are entitled to various other personal leaves, such as marriage leave and bereavement leave.
Employees who have worked for their employer for at least one year are entitled to a severance payment at the rate of 30 days' gross salary for each full year of employment. This is capped at 6,730.15 lira per annum.
The Turkish Constitution and the Labor Act of 2003 define provisions for employee protections and workers' rights. Discrimination based on age, religion, sexual orientation, gender expression, and race is prohibited. Contracts must be drafted in Turkish but have the option to be bilingual. A contract should include the following elements:
Though optional, employment contracts typically include a probationary or trial period, with the standard duration being two months.
The standard workweek is 45 hours, with a maximum of 11 hours per day. You can either work 7.5 hours a day for six days or 9 hours a day for five days.
If you exceed the standard 45-hour workweek, overtime pay is required. The maximum allowed overtime is 48 hours per week. Compensation rates are 150% for weekdays and 200% for weekends. Time off in lieu is also an option. The annual overtime limit is 270 hours, and employee consent is necessary for overtime assignments.
The current minimum gross wage in Turkey stands at 13,414.50 Turkish Lira per month, resulting in a net minimum wage of 11,402.32 Turkish Lira.
There is no legal requirement for 13th-month payments.
In Turkey, individuals are subject to progressive tax rates ranging from 15% to 40%, determined by their respective income levels as follows:
The normal retirement age is 60 years for men and 58 years for women with at least 7,200 days of paid contributions or age 61 with at least 5,400 days of paid contributions. Mothers of children with disabilities who require constant attendance may receive credit to retire before the normal retirement age.
The tax-related information provided in this guide is intended for general guidance and informational purposes only. Reach out to our dedicated team for insights on remote hiring in Turkey tailored to your needs.
The procedures for termination in Turkey depend on the specific terms outlined in the employment agreement and collective agreement. Termination can occur under the following circumstances:
For those employed under an open-ended contract in Turkey. Fixed-term contracts in Turkey do not entail any specific notice period. The duration of notice periods is by the length of the employee's tenure, outlined as follows:
In Turkey, employees who have worked for more than a year and are unfairly dismissed or resign for a valid reason, get severance pay. The amount is calculated by multiplying their monthly salary by the number of years they worked, including any extra months and days. The calculation uses the gross wage, with a set limit.
There are several public holidays throughout the calendar year. These holidays are distinct from the minimum paid leave entitlement and are granted in addition to annual leave. The following list comprises the national holidays in Turkey:
Contributions to social security entitle employees to the following insurance benefits:
Legal and compliance experts are readily available to provide guidance and case-by-case Q&A support.
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